Speaker
Description
During 9 expeditions, unique field material was collected on the territory of the Semipalatinsk test site. On the basis of which:
1) the modern vegetation cover of the landfill territory is described in detail;
2) a vegetation map of the polygon has been compiled — M. 1:1000000 (based on mapping data and the use of published cartographic materials);
3) floristic list of higher plants, including 505 species, is compiled;
4) the vegetation covers of the 3 experimental sites "Experimental Field", "Balapan" and "Degelen", where above-ground and underground (in vertical wells and tunnels) nuclear explosions were carried out, is described in detail;
5) vegetation maps of these sites have been compiled. m. 1:50000;
6) the vegetation of the areas disrupted during the construction of communications and military facilities is described in detail;
7) the features of formation (composition, structure, aboveground and underground biomass) are investigated plant communities in the main ecosystems of the Semipalatinsk test site under conditions of various levels of radiation pollution;
8) hyperaccumulative and hypoaccumulative plants of radionuclides were identified by the method of gamma-spectrometric analysis of paired samples in the soil-plant system;
9) for the first time in radiobiology, the floral composition of vegetation was revealed for plants of the steppe zone, with the determination of the radioecological range of plant growth;
10) syngenesis of vegetation in the steppe zone after atmospheric nuclear explosions was studied for the first time at the STS: the features of the vegetation restoration process after atmospheric nuclear explosions were revealed: a) the epicenter of the first explosion; b) the TNT lake dumps; c) the crater of the atomic explosion and the surrounding dumps at various levels of radiation pollution;
11) text field the processes of syngenesis of vegetation after underground explosions in boreholes and on the dumps of the "Atomic Lake" have been studied;
12) the processes of vegetation restoration after underground explosions in tunnels have been studied: on disturbed mountain ranges, man-made scree, breakaway zones (granite fragments), areas adjacent to the entrances to the tunnels;
13) terat plants have been identified and the features of their adaptation to radiation contamination of the soil have been studied. This is new data in radiobiology for plants of the steppe zone;
14) a methodology has been developed for a complex study of the main components of ecosystems (soils, vegetation) in polluted and control areas;
15) based on the results of the gamma-spectrometric analysis of paired samples in the soil-plant system, a method for the experimental determination of the coefficients of accumulation of radionuclides in plants has been developed;
16) the forms of finding and features of vertical migration of long-lived radionuclides in the main ecosystems of the STS are investigated;
17) for the first time, the features of accumulation of technogenic radionuclides in the main components of ecosystems have been experimentally revealed for STS;
18) the selective ability of plants to accumulate certain technogenic radionuclides has been established;
19) for the first time for STS the species –hiperaccumulators of radionuclides have been revealed;
20) for the first time in radiobiology, the dependence of the transition factor (accumulation coefficient) of radionuclides in plants on their ecobioform has been experimentally established;
21) the features of accumulation of radionuclides by higher plants, mosses and lichens of the steppe zone are revealed;
22) the impact of radionuclides and the complex effects of radioecological factors on the formation of the species composition, vertical and horizontal structure, aboveground and underground biomass of the main (zonal, intrazonal, azonal) communities of the STS territory has been assessed. These are new data in radiobiology for biogeocenoses of the steppe zone.
